考试托福（TOEFL）上册《阅读：基础信息题》练习题

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本单元练习题（18 题）

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1. In the sentence "When the old library was renovated, workers moved every book from it to a temporary warehouse until the project was finished.", what does the pronoun "it" refer to?

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2. In the passage below, what does the word "which" refer to? "Bioluminescent plankton release flashes of blue light, which startled fishermen once believed were signals from sea spirits. Modern research, however, has shown that these flashes serve to confuse predators."

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3. In the passage "Although the Venus flytrap catches insects to obtain nutrients, it also performs photosynthesis, which supplements its energy needs.", what does the word "its" refer to?

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4. In the sentence below, what does the word "it" refer to? "Researchers recently discovered a deep-sea sponge that produces its own light. When the sponge is disturbed, it flashes brightly, scaring away nearby predators."

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5. In the sentence "The ancient mariners, lacking compasses, had to navigate by the erratic winds, which shifted without warning and rendered their voyages perilous," the word "erratic" is closest in meaning to: A. steady B. unpredictable C. gentle D. seasonal

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6. Read the sentence: "Despite centuries of burial in damp soil, the bronze vessels remained largely intact, whereas the iron tools nearby had corroded beyond recognition." In the sentence, the word "intact" is closest in meaning to: A. undamaged B. buried C. untouched by hands D. polished

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7. In the passage, the word "arduous" in the sentence "Constructing the canal proved arduous: engineers battled tropical fevers, landslides, and relentless rains for over a decade before the first ship could pass through." is closest in meaning to: A. rewarding B. demanding C. unnecessary D. innovative

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8. In the sentence below, what does the word "its" refer to? "The octopus can change the color of its skin within seconds, and this remarkable ability helps the animal escape from predators by blending into the surrounding coral." A. The octopus's skin B. The octopus C. The predator D. The coral

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9. Read the sentence and identify what the underlined word "they" refers to: "Unlike most insects, honeybees live in highly organized colonies. They divide their labor so precisely that each member performs a specific role for the survival of the whole group."

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10. In a passage, the word "burgeoning" appears in this sentence: "The burgeoning tech industry in the small city attracted thousands of young workers seeking jobs." Based on the context, "burgeoning" is closest in meaning to:A. declining B. rapidly growing C. well-known D. newly funded

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11. In the sentence "The city's once stagnant economy was invigorated by a wave of tech startups, drawing ambitious young workers from across the region," the word "invigorated" is closest in meaning to:

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12. In the passage below, what does the word "it" refer to? "Bamboo grows very quickly. In fact, it can grow nearly one meter in a single day under good conditions." A. A single day B. Bamboo C. Good conditions D. One meter

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13. In the sentence "The ancient harbor, once a thriving hub of maritime trade, gradually fell into disuse as the river that fed it deposited layers of sediment, choking access to the sea," the word "choking" is closest in meaning to: A. freezing B. blocking C. flooding D. deepening

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14. In the sentence "Although the early experiments were dismissed as frivolous, they later proved fundamental to the development of modern physics," the word "frivolous" is closest in meaning to: (A) serious (B) trivial (C) controversial (D) innovative

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15. In the sentence "The novelist's early works were dismissed as ephemeral, yet critics later acknowledged their enduring influence on modern literature," the word "ephemeral" is closest in meaning to: A. short-lived B. controversial C. imitative D. profound

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16. Read the sentence: "The prolonged drought rendered the fertile valley a barren expanse, and many farmers abandoned lands they had cultivated for generations." What does the word "rendered" most likely mean in this context? A. transformed B. decorated C. postponed D. surrendered

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17. In the passage below, what does the word "them" refer to? "Certain desert rodents collect seeds and store them in underground chambers before the rainy season. Because these chambers stay cool and dry, the seeds remain usable for months, providing food when little else is available."

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18. In the passage, the word "fortuitous" in the sentence "The discovery of the sunken shipwreck was entirely fortuitous: the survey team had been mapping coral reefs and stumbled upon it by pure chance." is closest in meaning to: A. planned B. accidental C. gradual D. hazardous

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托福（TOEFL）其他单元练习题

托福考试介绍与备考规划（9题）核心词汇与长难句（9题）阅读：推理与目的题（9题）听力：对话场景（9题）听力：学术讲座（9题）口语：独立任务（9题）口语：综合任务（9题）写作：综合写作（9题）写作：独立写作（9题）

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